Four beneficiary states sign pact on Narmada outstanding dues
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📌 Summary:
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CMs of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Rajasthan signed an agreement settling outstanding dues of the Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal (NWDT) Award projects, in the presence of Union Home Minister Amit Shah and Jal Shakti Minister C R Patil
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NWDT was constituted by the Centre in 1969 and gave its Award in 1979 — it specified the quantum of Narmada water each of the four states could utilise and their share of net power produced at Navagam Canal Head and River Bed Power Houses
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Issues pending since the Award, now resolved: cost-sharing of the Sardar Sarovar Project and Indira Sagar Project, Resettlement & Rehabilitation (R&R) expenditure, compensation for submerged land, and interest burden on borrowings during construction
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MHA called it a "historic milestone" in resolving long-standing inter-state disputes on cost-sharing for the Sardar Sarovar Project; Shah framed it as strengthening water security and cooperative federalism in the water sector
🎯 UPSC Relevance: GS2 Federalism — inter-state water dispute resolution, cooperative federalism, Centre as facilitator; GS1 Geography — Narmada basin and inter-state river projects
📝 Prelims Facts:
- NWDT: constituted 1969, Award delivered 1979, covers Gujarat, MP, Maharashtra, Rajasthan
- Sardar Sarovar Project and Indira Sagar Project are the key NWDT Award projects
- Power sharing determined at Navagam Canal Head and River Bed Power Houses
🔑 Key Term: Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal (NWDT) — tribunal under the Inter-State River Water Disputes Act, 1956 that apportioned Narmada waters and power among four riparian/beneficiary states
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